Formula
F(a + uh) =f(a)
+ u ∆f(a) + u(u – 1) ∆2f(a)
1! 2!
+ u(u –
1)(u – 2) ∆3f(a) +u(u – 1)(u – 2)(u – 3) × ∆4 f(a)
3! 4!
Ques:-
The population of a term in a decimal census was as given below:-
estimate the population for the year 1895
year: 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931
population: 46 66 81 93 101
Sol:-
x = a + uh
1895 = 1891 + u(10)
u = 1895 - 1891
10
|u = 0.4|
x f(x) ∆f(x) ∆2f(x) ∆3f(x) ∆4f(x)
1891 |46|
|20|
1901 66 |-5|
15 |2|
1911 81 -3 |-3|
12 -1
1921 93 -4
8
1931 101
f(a + uh)= 46 + 0.4(20) + 0.4(0.4 - 1) (-5)
2
+ 0.4(0.4 - 1)(0.4 - 2) (2)
3×2×1
+ 0.4(0.4 - 1)(0.4 - 2)(0.4 - 3) (-3)
4×3×2×1
= 46 + 8 + 0.4(-0.6)(-5)
2
+ 0.4(-0.6)(-1.6)(-2.6) × (-3)
2 1
= 46 + 8 + 0.6 + 0.1248
= 54.7248
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